Abstract:Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate antiviral properties of blackberry extract against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro. Study design. HSV-infected oral epithelial (OKF6) cells and cell-free virus suspensions were treated with blackberry extract (2.24-1,400
g/mL), and virus yield and infectivity were quantified by direct plaque assay.Results. Blackberry extract
56
g/mL inhibited HSV-1 replication in oral epithelial cells by 99% (P  .005).Concentrations
280
g/mL were antiviral when the extract was added after virus adsorption and entry. Exposure of cell-free virus to
280
g/mL blackberry extract for 15 minutes at room temperature was virucidal (P  .0002). The virucidal effects were not due to pH changes at concentrations up to 1,500
g/mL. Conclusions. Blackberry extract inhibited the early stages of HSV-1 replication and had potent virucidal activity. These properties suggest that this natural fruit extract could provide advantage as a topical prophylactic/therapeutic agent for HSV infections. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;112:e31-e35)

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Antiviral effects of blackberry extract against herpes simplex virus type 1

Robert J. Danaher, PhD,a Chunmei Wang, MS,a Jin Dai, PhD,b Russell J. Mumper, PhD,b,c and Craig S. Miller, DMD, MS,a Lexington, Kentucky; and Chapel Hill, North Carolina UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY AND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA