Procyanidin B2 protects against diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the modulation of the gut microbiota in rabbits

BACKGROUND

Procyanidins have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome and antimicrobial activity, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear.AIM To investigate the effects of procyanidin B2（PB2） on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and to explore the possible mechanism.

原花青素对代谢综合征和抗菌活性有有益的作用，但这些作用的机制尚不清楚。目的探讨原花青素B2(PB2)对非酒精性脂肪肝的治疗作用，并探讨其可能的作用机制。

 

METHODS

Thirty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into three groups. All of them were fed either a high-fat-cholesterol diet（HCD） or chow diet. HCD-fed rabbits were treated with vehicle or PB2 daily for 12 wk. Body weight and food intake were evaluated once a week. Serum biomarkers, such as total cholesterols,triglycerides, and aspartate transaminase, were detected. All rabbits were sacrificed and histological parameters of liver were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Moreover, several lipogenic genes and gut microbiota（by16 SrRNA sequencing） were investigated to explore the possible mechanism.

30只雄性新西兰白兔随机分为三组。所有的老鼠都被喂食高脂肪胆固醇饮食(HCD)或松鸡饮食。以hcd喂养的家兔，每天用对照剂或PB2处理12周。体重和食物摄入量每周评估一次。检测血清生物标志物，如总胆固醇、甘油三酯和天冬氨酸转氨酶。处死家兔，用苏木精和伊红染色法测定肝脏组织学参数。此外，我们还对一些脂肪生成基因和肠道微生物群(by16 SrRNA测序)进行了研究，以探讨可能的机制。

 

RESULTS

The HCD group had higher body weight, liver index, serum lipid profile, insulin resistance, serum glucose, and hepatic steatosis compared to the CHOW group.PB2 treatment prevented HCD-induced increases in body weight and hypertriglyceridemia in association with triglyceride accumulation in the liver.PB2 also ameliorated low-grade inflammation, which was reflected by serum lipopolysaccharides and improved insulin resistance. In rabbit liver, PB2 prevented the upregulation of steroid response element binding protein 1 c and fatty acid synthase and the downregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase,compared to the HCD group. Moreover, HCD led to a decrease of Bacteroidetes in gut microbiota. PB2 significantly improved the proportions of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level and Akkermansia at the genus level.

与CHOW组相比，HCD组的体重、肝脏指数、血脂、胰岛素抵抗、血糖和肝脏脂肪变性均较高。PB2治疗可防止hcd引起的体重增加和与肝脏中甘油三酯积累相关的高甘油三酯血症。PB2还改善了低级别炎症，这反映在血清脂多糖和改善胰岛素抵抗。在家兔肝脏中，PB2与HCD组相比，可抑制类固醇反应元件结合蛋白1c和脂肪酸合酶的上调和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶的下调。此外，HCD导致肠道菌群中拟杆菌门的减少。PB2在门水平和属水平显著提高拟杆菌门和Akkermansia的比例。

 

CONCLUSION

Our results indicate the possible mechanism of PB2 to improve HCD-induced features of metabolic syndrome and provide a new dietary supplement. 

我们的研究结果表明，PB2可能改善hcd诱导的代谢综合征特征，并提供一种新的膳食补充剂。

 

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